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Henry Pike Bowie (1848–1921)〔Bowie, Effie Gwynn. (1947). ( ''Across the Years in Prince Georges County,'' p. 743. )〕 was an American lawyer, artist, author, Japanologist and diplomat.〔Starr, Kevin. (2003). ( ''Embattled Dreams,'' pp. 38-39. )〕 ==Biography== In the late 1880s, Bowie commissioned Makoto Hagiwara, the designer of the Japanese Tea Garden in San Francisco's Golden Gate Park, to plan a garden and tea house for his home on the border of Hillsborough and San Mateo, California in California's San Mateo County. This Japanese garden, called "Higurashi-en" or "A garden worthy of a day's contemplation," was created between 1887 and 1892. Although it has been reduced in size to about an acre in the 21st century, it is the largest privately owned "Authentic" Japanese garden in the United States, and it is on the National Register of Historic Places. A highlight of the garden is a silvery-green, five-needled Mikado pine, which was given to Bowie by Emperor Meiji.〔Jardina, Elizabeth. ( "A worthy garden to help their granddaughter," ) ''Oakland Tribune.'' April 12, 2003.〕 Bowie's later additions to the garden include a triple laceleaf Japanese maple and other artefacts from the 1915 Panama-Pacific International Exposition (1915).〔Gong, Chadine Flood. (2006). ( ''Living with Japanese Gardens,'' p. 56. )〕 The property was purchased by Achille and Joan Paladini of Hillsborough, California, in 1988 and restored to its original pristine condition. It was featured on ''The Oprah Winfrey Show'' and has been the location for a recent movie. The director of ''Memoirs of a Geisha'' visited the property and considered it for the film. After the death of his first wife,〔Gong, ( p. 55. )〕 Bowie first visited Japan in 1893.〔 He returned in 1894, residing with the Hirano family of Yokohama. During this period, he devoted himself to practicing his Japanese language skills, studying Japanese painting, and broadening his understanding of Japanese culture.〔Bowie, Henry P. (1911). ( ''On the laws of Japanese painting,'' pp. 3-6. )〕 He studied painting and, after perfecting the style, Bowie won awards for his pictures at public exhibitions, and the emperor acquired two of his paintings. Bowie was a co-founder in 1905 of the Japan Society of Northern California, along with Stanford University's president, David Starr Jordan.〔Starr, Kevin. ( "Beyond Gump’s: The Unfolding Asian Identity of San Francisco," ) ''Pacific Rim Report.'' No. 39, June 2006.〕 He also served as the society's first president.〔 In 1909, he erected a memorial gate, created by Japanese craftsmen brought from Japan specifically for the project. The memorial structure in Burlingame was designed to honor the valor of Japanese sailors and soldiers during the Russo-Japanese War (1905).〔Starr, ( p. 39. )〕 In 1918, he sailed for Japan as special emissary of the U.S. Department of State. Shortly after returning to California in 1921, he died at age 72. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Henry Pike Bowie」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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